Delirium – how to recognize it?

Delirium is a serious mental state disorder that can occur in a variety of situations.In this article, we will discuss what delirium is, its types, causes, symptoms, treatment and how you can help someone suffering from this condition.

Delirium – what is it?

Delirium, also called confusional state, is a state of mind characterized by sudden and short-term deterioration of cognitive functions.A person suffering from delirium may have difficulty concentrating, thinking, orienting in time and space, as well as experiencing disorientation and disorganization of thoughts.This condition may be the result of various factors, such as diseases, injuries, infections or psychoactive substances.

Types of delirium

There are several types of delirium, including:

• Hyperactive delirium – characterized by excessive arousal, aggression and disorientation.
• Hypoactive delirium – manifests itself as lethargy, apathy and lack of reaction to external stimuli.
• Mixed delirium – combines the features of both types above.

Delirium – causes

Delirium can have many different causes, including:

• Somatic diseases such as infections, anemia, kidney or liver failure.
• Head injuries.
• Use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol, drugs and medications.
• Metabolic disorders, e.g. hypoglycemia or electrolyte disorders.
• Mental disorders such as schizophrenia or affective disorders.

Delirium tremens (alcoholic) – how long does it last?

Delirium tremens, also called DT, is a type of delirium that occurs in alcohol-dependent people during withdrawal.Symptoms of DT can last from several days to weeks and include tremors, hallucinations, anxiety and confusion.This is a condition that requires immediate medical intervention.

Symptoms of delirium

Symptoms of delirium can vary and include:

• Difficulty concentrating.
• Disorientation in time and space.
• Hallucinations.
• Delusion.
• Aggression or apathy.
• Anxiety.
• Lethargy.

Treatment of delirium – what drugs?

Treatment for delirium depends on its cause.In case of delirium caused by somatic diseases, treatment of these diseases is necessary.For alcohol delirium, drug treatment such as benzodiazepines may be needed to relieve alcohol withdrawal symptoms.It is also important to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.

How to help a person with delirium?

A person suffering from delirium needs specialized medical care.It is important to ensure her peace, safety and appropriate nursing care.Family and loved ones should be aware of the person’s condition and support him or her emotionally.

Your suggestions

If you have any suggestions on the topic of delirium or would like to share your experiences, please feel free to comment on this article.

Recommended articles

If you are interested in the topic of delirium, we also recommend reading other articles on this topic available on our website.You can learn more about treatment, prevention and how to deal with delirium.