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Tuberculosis is one of the oldest and still existing infectious diseases that poses a serious challenge to public health around the world.In this article, we will take a closer look at this disease, its causes, symptoms, methods of diagnosis, treatment, complications, and what steps can be taken to prevent its spread.
Tuberculosis – characteristics of the disease.what triggers it?
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the tubercle bacillus, known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.This disease can affect various organs and tissues of the body, but most often affects the lungs.It is spread through droplets when an infected person sneezes or coughs, releasing tuberculosis bacilli into the air.
Types of tuberculosis
Depending on the area of attack and the course of the disease, several types of tuberculosis can be distinguished.The most common ones are pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis and congenital tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis – how does tuberculosis infection occur?
Transmission of tuberculosis is possible through contact with a person infected with the tubercle bacilli.The disease is transmitted when we inhale air containing mycobacterial particles.The risk of infection increases in places with crowded conditions, lack of hygiene and poor access to health care.
Symptoms of tuberculosis
Symptoms of tuberculosis may vary depending on the type of disease and stage of advancement.The most common symptoms are long-lasting cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats and fatigue.In the case of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, symptoms may affect other organs, such as bones, skin or reproductive organs.
Tuberculosis diagnosis
Diagnosing tuberculosis can be difficult because its symptoms may resemble other respiratory diseases.The most important diagnostic methods are sputum testing, blood tests, chest X-rays and tuberculin skin tests.
Tuberculosis – treatment and possible complications
Treatment of tuberculosis involves the use of antibiotics for several months.A prolonged period of treatment and ineffective initiation of therapy may lead to complications such as treatment-resistant tuberculosis, organ damage or the spread of the disease to other tissues.Therefore, it is important to diagnose and start treatment as soon as possible.
How to prevent tuberculosis?
To prevent tuberculosis, you should follow some basic rules of hygiene and caution.Contact with infected people should be avoided, especially during active disease.It is also important to maintain hand hygiene and follow recommendations on wearing protective masks in places with a high risk of infection.
Your suggestions
If you suspect a tuberculosis infection or develop symptoms of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor and undergo appropriate tests.Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to effectively combat this dangerous disease.
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