Parathyroid hormone (pth) – everything you should know about this hormone

Parathyroid hormone, often called PTH, is a key hormone that regulates the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the human body. Its role in maintaining the health of bones and the nervous system is invaluable. In this article, we will discuss what exactly parathyroid hormone is, what its functions are, causes and symptoms of excess and deficiency, how to prepare for a PTH test, norms and interpretation of results, as well as issues related to price, reimbursement and referral. Please read on to learn more about this important parathyroid hormone.

What is parathyroid hormone?

Parathyroid hormone, also known as PTH, is a hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, small glands located next to the thyroid gland. Its main task is to regulate the level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. PTH works by increasing calcium levels in the blood by facilitating the absorption of calcium from the intestines and the release of calcium from the bones. This is a complex process that is crucial for maintaining the body’s mineral homeostasis.

Pth functions in the body

Parathyroid hormone has many important functions in the body, including:

• Increasing calcium levels in the blood by affecting the bones, kidneys and small intestines.
• Stimulating the secretion of calcium from bones, which is important in the case of hypocalcemia (calcium deficiency).
• Reducing urinary calcium excretion to prevent calcium loss.
• Increased absorption of calcium from food in the digestive tract.
• Regulation of phosphorus levels in the blood by reducing its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

Pth – causes and symptoms of excess

Excess parathyroid hormone, also called hyperparathyroidism, can be caused by various factors, such as parathyroid tumors that uncontrollably produce PTH. Symptoms of excess PTH may include:

• Osteoporosis (weakening of the bones).
• Increased risk of bone fractures.
• Kidney stones.
• High blood pressure.
• Muscle weakness.

Pth – causes and symptoms of deficiency

Parathyroid hormone deficiency is rare, but may occur as a result of damage to the parathyroid glands or a genetic disorder. PTH deficiency leads to hypocalcemia, i.e. low calcium levels in the blood. Symptoms of PTH deficiency may include:

• Tingling and numbness in the limbs.
• Muscle cramps.
• Decrease in muscle tension.
• Weakness of the nervous system.
• Hematuria.

Pth – preparation and procedure of the test

Testing the level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) involves taking blood from the patient. The patient does not need to prepare specifically for this test, but it is worth notifying the doctor about any medications taken that may affect the results. The test procedure is simple and painless, and the results can be obtained relatively quickly.

Pth – standards, interpretation of results

PTH level standards may vary slightly depending on the laboratory that performs the test. In general, however, the norms are around 10-65 pg/ml. Results outside this range may indicate problems with the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. The interpretation of results should always be carefully discussed with your doctor because the results are often analyzed in the context of other tests and the patient’s clinical symptoms.

Pth – price/reimbursement and referral

The cost of PTH level testing may vary depending on the region and type of medical facility. In some cases, this test may be reimbursed by the National Health Fund (NFZ), if there are appropriate medical indications. To perform a PTH test, the patient may need a referral from a specialist, such as an endocrinologist or internist.

Your suggestions

If you suspect parathyroid problems or have concerns about the level of parathyroid hormone in your body, do not hesitate to consult your doctor. Professional assessment and appropriate testing can help diagnose and treat possible hormonal disorders.

Featured Articles

If you are interested in learning more about the parathyroid glands and parathyroid hormone, we recommend reading the following articles:

• “Parathyroid disorders – causes, symptoms and treatment” – Article available on our website.
• “The effect of diet on the level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood” – Scientific article in a medical journal.
• “The role of vitamin D in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels” – Studies on the influence of vitamin D on mineral metabolism.

Parathyroid hormone is a key hormone for maintaining bone health and the body’s mineral balance. Understanding its role, functions, causes of excess and deficiency, and interpreting test results can help maintain health and prevent serious problems with the skeletal and nervous systems.