Atherosclerosis – causes, symptoms, treatment.how to prevent it?

Atherosclerosis, also known as coronary artery disease, is one of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system.Although it is often associated with age and aging, it can affect people of all ages.In this article, we will take a closer look at atherosclerosis, its causes, symptoms, treatment options and ways to prevent it.

Atherosclerosis – what is it?

Atherosclerosis is a disease involving the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques inside blood vessels.Atherosclerotic plaques are composed of cholesterol, fat tissue, inflammatory cells and other substances.They gradually narrow the lumen of the vessels, which impedes blood flow.In extreme cases, this can lead to a complete occlusion of the blood vessel, which may lead to a heart attack or stroke.

Causes of atherosclerosis

There are many risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, including:

• High levels of cholesterol in the blood, especially LDL (so-called “bad” cholesterol)
• Smoking
• Hypertension
• Obesity
• Lack of physical activity
• An unbalanced diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol
• Hereditary predispositions
• Diabetes
• Stress

Types of atherosclerosis and their symptoms

Atherosclerosis can affect different types of blood vessels, which can lead to different symptoms.Here are some of them:

Coronary atherosclerosis:

It manifests itself with chest pain, especially during physical exercise.It may lead to a heart attack.

Atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries:

It may cause pain in the legs when walking (so-called intermittent claudication) or pain in the arms.

Carotid atherosclerosis:

It may lead to stroke or transient ischemic attacks.

Diagnostics of atherosclerosis – what tests for atherosclerosis?which doctor should you see?

Diagnosis of atherosclerosis involves various tests, including:

• Cholesterol level tests
• Electrocardiography (ECG)
• Computed tomography (CT)
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Coronary angiography

If atherosclerosis is suspected, you should consult a cardiologist who will be able to order appropriate tests and determine appropriate treatment.

Treatment of atherosclerosis – what drugs for atherosclerosis?

Treatment of atherosclerosis is based on many factors, including the stage of the disease and risk factors.Medicines that may be used are:

• Statins – reduce cholesterol levels
• Antiplatelet drugs – prevent blood clots
• Medicines that lower blood pressure
• Medicines to prevent inflammation of blood vessels

In some cases, surgical intervention such as angioplasty or stent implantation may be necessary.

Home remedies for atherosclerosis – what to use?how to lower cholesterol?how to strengthen blood vessels?

Supporting the treatment of atherosclerosis can be achieved through a healthy lifestyle, including:

• A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fish and poultry
• Regular physical activity, at least 30 minutes a day
• Stopping smoking cigarettes
• Limiting alcohol consumption
• Stress management – relaxation techniques, meditation

Nutrition in atherosclerosis

Diet plays a key role in the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.It is worth focusing on products rich in fiber that lower cholesterol levels.You should also avoid saturated and trans fats and excess salt and sugar.

Complications, effects of atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis, if left untreated, can lead to serious complications such as:

• Myocardial infarction
• Stroke
• Heart failure
• Peripheral vascular disease

Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat atherosclerosis in a timely manner.

How to prevent atherosclerosis?

The best way to prevent atherosclerosis is a healthy lifestyle.Here are some key rules:

• Regular physical activity
• Healthy diet
• Stopping smoking cigarettes
• Limiting alcohol consumption
• Regular check-ups

Remember that changing your eating habits and lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis.

Your suggestions

If you have additional suggestions or questions about atherosclerosis, do not hesitate to consult your doctor or heart health specialist.Remember that prevention and early diagnosis are key in the fight against this disease.

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