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Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that can significantly impact patients’ daily lives.In this article, we will take a closer look at this disease, its types, symptoms, causes, diagnosis and effective treatment.
Asthma – characteristics of the disease
Asthma is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract.The main feature of asthma is airway hyperresponsiveness, which leads to their spasm in response to various stimuli.These spasms cause shortness of breath, coughing and wheezing, which are typical symptoms of asthma.
Types of asthma
There are several types of asthma, the most common of which are:
- Atopic asthma – caused by a reaction to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and animal dander.
- Non-atopic asthma – not related to allergies, caused by infections or other irritants.
- Aspirin-induced asthma – occurs in people who are allergic to aspirin and some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Bronchial asthma – risk factors and causes of exacerbations
Although the cause of asthma is not fully understood, there are certain risk factors that may predispose you to the disease.Belong to them:
- Family history of asthma or other allergic diseases.
- Exposure to allergens in childhood.
- Smoking, both active and passive.
- Exposure to air pollution.
Causes of asthma flare-ups may include viral infections, exposure to allergens or irritants, and stress or exercise.
Asthma – symptoms
Asthma symptoms vary from patient to patient, but most commonly include:
- Shortness of breath and feeling of suffocation.
- Coughing, especially at night or after exertion.
- Wheezing.
- Heaviness in the chest.
Symptoms may be mild or intensify, leading to the so-calledasthma attacks, which can be very dangerous and require immediate medical intervention.
Asthma – diagnosis
The diagnosis of asthma is based on a medical interview, physical examinations and additional tests such as spirometry or allergy tests.It is also important to monitor symptoms and response to treatment.
Bronchial asthma – treatment
Asthma treatment is individualized and depends on the type of asthma and the severity of symptoms.The most important treatment methods are:
- Anti-inflammatory agents (e.g. inhaled corticosteroids) to control inflammation of the airways.
- Bronchodilators (e.g. beta-agonists) to relieve bronchial spasms and improve airflow.
- Avoiding triggers of asthma attacks, such as allergens and irritants.
Asthma attack – treatment
An asthma attack is a situation of sudden worsening of symptoms, requiring urgent help.Treatment for an asthma attack includes:
- Immediate administration of bronchodilators, e.g. salbutamol inhaler.
- Providing the patient with peace and comfort.
- Contact your doctor or emergency medical service if symptoms persist.
Your suggestions
If you have asthma or think you may have it, it is always worth consulting your doctor.Treating asthma can improve your quality of life and control symptoms.
Recommended articles
If you want to learn more about asthma and its treatment, we recommend reading the following articles:
- “Allergies and asthma – what are the connections?”
- “Healthy diet and asthma – what products are worth choosing?”
- “Physical exercise and asthma – how to exercise safely?”
It is important to be well informed about asthma to effectively manage the disease and enjoy better health.