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Crohn’s disease, often simply called Crohn’s disease, is a chronic disorder of the digestive system that can significantly impact patients’ lives.In this article we will discuss the characteristics of this disease, its causes, symptoms, methods of diagnosis, treatment and general recommendations.In addition, we will learn how Crohn’s disease may affect the risk of developing colon cancer and other potential complications.
Crohn’s disease – characteristics
Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that can occur in any part of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus.It is a chronic disease, which means that symptoms may persist for a long time and recur periodically.
This disease is characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, which may lead to ulceration and narrowing of the intestines.Symptoms can vary and include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue and problems with nutrient absorption.
Crohn’s disease – causes
The causes of this disease are not fully understood, but there are certain factors that may contribute to its development.One of them is heredity, because this disease often runs in families, which suggests the existence of a genetic predisposition.
Other possible risk factors include smoking, a diet high in fat and sugar, and some bacterial or viral infections.The immune system also plays an important role in the development of this disease, as there may be an excessive inflammatory response to the presence of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract.
Crohn’s disease – symptoms
Symptoms of Crohn’s disease may vary depending on the site of inflammation in the digestive tract.The most common symptoms are abdominal pain, frequent diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and weight loss.Patients also often experience fatigue and general weakness.
If the oral cavity is involved, oral ulcers may occur, and if the anus is involved, painful erosions and passage of blood may occur.
Crohn’s disease – diagnosis
Diagnosing Crohn’s disease can be difficult because the symptoms of the disease may resemble other digestive disorders.Your doctor may perform many tests, such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy, blood tests, and radiological imaging, to confirm the diagnosis.
In addition, it may be necessary to take tissue samples (biopsy) to more precisely analyze the condition of the gastrointestinal mucosa.
Crohn’s disease – treatment and general recommendations
Treatment for Crohn’s disease aims to relieve symptoms, control inflammation, and prevent complications.The treatment method may be tailored to the individual needs of the patient and include changes in diet, anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants and biological therapy.
In addition, it is important to follow general recommendations such as avoiding smoking, eating a healthy diet, regular physical activity and appropriate stress management.
Crohn’s disease and colon cancer and other complications
Crohn’s disease increases the risk of developing colon cancer, so regular screening tests such as colonoscopy are important in preventing this complication.Additionally, patients with this disease may be more susceptible to other complications, such as intestinal stenosis, fistulas, and malnutrition.
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