Cystic fibrosis – causes, symptoms, treatment, inheritance

Cystic fibrosis, also called cystic fibrosis, is a rare, genetic disease that affects the respiratory and digestive systems.In this article we will discuss what cystic fibrosis is and its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, life expectancy of patients and the inheritance of this disease.

What is cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease that affects the mucous glands and mucus secretion in the body.People suffering from this disease produce thick, sticky mucus that clogs the respiratory tract, lungs, pancreas and other internal organs.This disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, which means that for a child to have cystic fibrosis, two altered copies of the CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) gene must be inherited from both parents.

Cystic fibrosis – causes

The cause of cystic fibrosis is a mutation in the CFTR gene.This gene controls the production of a protein that regulates the secretion of mucus and salts in glandular cells.Mutation of this gene leads to disruption of the mucus secretion process, which causes the accumulation of thick mucus in the organs.

Cystic fibrosis – symptoms

Symptoms of cystic fibrosis can be diverse and vary depending on the stage of the disease.The most common symptoms are recurrent respiratory infections, chronic cough, breathing difficulties, abdominal bloating, digestive problems, malnutrition, impaired growth and developing diabetes.

Cystic fibrosis – diagnosis

The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is made by genetic testing, lung function testing, imaging tests and laboratory tests.The most important test is sweat chloride levels, which are usually elevated in people with cystic fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis – treatment

The treatment of cystic fibrosis is complicated and is based on alleviating symptoms and delaying the progression of the disease.Patients are often treated with antibiotics to control respiratory infections.Breathing exercises, mucus-thinning medications, and physical therapy help maintain lung function.In some cases, a lung transplant may be necessary.

Cystic fibrosis – life expectancy

The life expectancy of cystic fibrosis patients has improved significantly thanks to advances in treatment.Modern therapies allow many patients to live longer and more active lives.The average life expectancy of people with cystic fibrosis is currently around 40 years, but many people live longer.

Inheritance of cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, which means that for a child to have cystic fibrosis, two altered copies of the CFTR gene must be inherited from both parents.People who have only one changed copy of this gene are carriers of the disease but do not show symptoms.

Your suggestions

If you suspect that you have cystic fibrosis or are a carrier, consult your doctor and undergo appropriate genetic testing.Regular medical care and therapies can significantly improve the quality of life of cystic fibrosis patients.

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Cystic fibrosis is a serious disease that affects the lives of patients and their families.However, thanks to advances in medicine and therapies now available, people with cystic fibrosis can lead active and fulfilling lives despite the challenges associated with the disease.