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Neuroborreliosis, also known as neurological Lyme disease, is a rare but serious disease caused by the tick-borne bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi.This disease is characterized by neurological symptoms in patients infected with Lyme disease.In this article, we will discuss what neuroborreliosis is, its symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment and potential complications.Learn more about this difficult to diagnose and treat disease.
What is neuroborreliosis?
Neuroborreliosis, also called neurological Lyme disease, is one of the varieties of Lyme disease whose main target is the nervous system.This disease occurs as a result of infection with the Borrelia burgdorferi bacterium, which is transmitted by ticks.When bacteria enter the body, they can cause a range of neurological symptoms that can be difficult to diagnose and treat.
Neuroborreliosis – symptoms
Symptoms of neuroborreliosis can be varied and often imitate other neurological diseases.The most common symptoms of neuroborreliosis include:
- Facial paralysis, also known as nerve VII palsy
- Headache and stiff neck
- Dizziness and balance problems
- Fainting and visual disturbances
- Speech disorders
- Muscle tremors and convulsions
- Mental disorders such as depression or psychosis
These symptoms may occur individually or in various combinations, making the diagnosis of neurological Lyme disease difficult.Additionally, sometimes symptoms come and go, which further complicates making a proper diagnosis.
Neuroborreliosis – diagnosis
Diagnosing Lyme disease may be difficult due to the variety of symptoms and the fact that laboratory test results are often falsely negative.However, there are certain criteria that can help establish a diagnosis of neurological Lyme disease.These include:
- The presence of neurological symptoms in the patient, such as facial paralysis or balance disorders.
- History of exposure to ticks or residence in areas endemic for Lyme disease.
- Presence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in blood or cerebrospinal fluid tests.
If neuroborreliosis is suspected, it is necessary to consult a specialist who can order appropriate tests and help establish the diagnosis.
Neuroborreliosis – treatment
Treatment of neuroborreliosis involves administering antibiotics, usually oral or intravenous, for several weeks.The most commonly used antibiotic is doxycycline or ceftriaxone.In case of more severe symptoms, hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.
It is important to start treatment as soon as possible after diagnosis to prevent complications.Many patients respond well to antibiotic therapy and make a full recovery, but in some cases symptoms may remain or return after treatment ends.
Neuroborreliosis – complications
Unfortunately, neurological Lyme disease can lead to complications, especially if it is not properly diagnosed and treated.Permanent nerve damage may occur, resulting in chronic neurological problems.In some cases, neurological Lyme disease can lead to paralysis or permanent mental disorders.
Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor and start treatment as soon as possible after the symptoms of neurological Lyme disease appear to minimize the risk of complications.
Your suggestions
If you suspect Lyme disease or are experiencing neurological symptoms, consult your doctor immediately.Early diagnosis and treatment are key to improving the prognosis of neurological Lyme disease.
Recommended articles
If you want to learn more about Lyme disease and its varieties, we recommend reading the following articles:
- “Lyme disease – symptoms, diagnosis and treatment”
- “Ticks and the diseases they transmit”
- “How to avoid tick bites and prevent Lyme disease”
Remember that prevention, i.e.
avoiding tick bites and reacting quickly after a tick bite, is key to preventing Lyme disease and its complications.