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Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (NNH), also known as Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (NNH), is a rare, potentially serious blood disorder. In this article, we will take a closer look at this mysterious disease, its symptoms, causes, methods of diagnosis and available forms of treatment.
Nocturnal paroxysmal hemoglobinuria – symptoms
Although NNH may seem like an enigmatic disease, its symptoms are quite characteristic. The most common symptoms include:
- Attacks of abdominal pain at night
- Passing dark brown or red urine
- Symptoms of anemia such as weakness, pale skin and fatigue
- Skin rashes
- Blood clotting in blood vessels
The symptoms of NNH result from the destruction of red blood cells by the immune system, which leads to hemolysis, i.e. the breakdown of blood cells.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria – causes
The causes of NNH are related to a mutation in the PIGA gene, which encodes a protein necessary for the production of glycolipids on the surface of blood cells. The lack of these glycolipids makes red blood cells more susceptible to destruction by the immune system, especially under conditions where the body is exposed to stress, such as infections or changes in temperature.
Nocturnal paroxysmal hemoglobinuria – diagnosis
Diagnosing NNH may be a challenge due to its rarity and variable course. However, there are various diagnostic tests that can help confirm the disease, such as a blood test, a urine test, and a bone marrow test. It is important to consult a hematologist who can perform appropriate tests and make a diagnosis.
Nocturnal paroxysmal hemoglobinuria – treatment
Although NNH is an incurable disease, there are treatments that can help control symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life. One of the most important aspects of treatment is the use of drugs such as eculizumab, which inhibit the destruction of red blood cells by the immune system. In some cases, a blood or bone marrow transfusion may also be necessary.
Your suggestions
If you have NNH or suspect that someone around you may suffer from this disease, it is always worth consulting a doctor. Regular check-ups and treatment under specialist supervision are crucial to managing NNH.
Recommended articles
If you want to learn more about Nocturnal Paroxysmal Hemoglobinuria, it is worth reading recommended articles and educational materials available on the websites of organizations dealing with blood diseases and recognized medical institutions. Knowledge and awareness about this topic can help in faster diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease.
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria is a rare but potentially serious blood disorder. Its symptoms can be misleading, so it is important to educate yourself about it and seek medical advice if you suspect NNH. With appropriate treatment and medical care, patients with NNH can lead fulfilling lives, despite the challenges associated with this disease.