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Sjögren’s syndrome, also known as sicca syndrome, is an autoimmune disease that affects the mucus secretion system and tear glands.In this article, we will discuss what this syndrome is, its causes, symptoms, how to diagnose and treat the disease, and recommend useful sources of information.
Sjögren’s syndrome – what is it and what are its symptoms?
Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease, which means that the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues and organs.In this disease, the mucous membranes and tear glands are most affected.The main symptom is dry mucous membranes, especially in the mouth and eyes.In addition to dryness, other common symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome include:
- Pain and burning in the eyes,
- Itchy and red eyes,
- Difficulty swallowing and speaking,
- Dry skin,
- Painful and swollen joints
- Problems with urination,
- Fatigue and general discomfort,
- Skin rashes,
- Problems with concentration and memory.
Symptoms of Sjögren’s syndrome can vary in severity and often lead to a significant deterioration in patients’ quality of life.
Sjögren’s syndrome – causes
The causes of Sjögren’s syndrome are not yet fully understood, but there are theories that suggest that genetic inheritance and environmental factors may play a role in the development of the disease.The immune system of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome is impaired, which leads to an attack on the mucous and tear glands, which in turn causes dry mucous membranes.
Dry skin syndrome – tests, diagnostics
Diagnosing Sjögren’s syndrome can be difficult because many of the symptoms are similar to other conditions.The doctor performs a thorough examination of the patient and may also order several tests, such as:
- Blood test, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
- Sputum examination to assess the amount of saliva,
- Examination of eye discharge,
- Biopsy of the salivary or tear glands.
Based on the results of these tests, your doctor can make a diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome.
Sjögren’s syndrome – treatment
Unfortunately, Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic disease with no complete cure.Treatment mainly focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing complications.Patients with Sjögren’s syndrome may use pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, and moisturizers such as eye drops and lozenges.
In some cases, when the disease leads to serious problems with internal organs, immunosuppressive therapy or surgery may be necessary.It is also important to monitor your health regularly to avoid complications.
Recommended articles
If you want to learn more about Sjögren’s syndrome and its management, we recommend reading the following articles:
- Understanding the autoimmune mechanisms in Sjögren’s syndrome,
- Diet and lifestyle that support the fight against the symptoms of dry skin syndrome,
- Painkillers for the treatment of joint pain in Sjögren’s syndrome.
Sjögren’s syndrome is a difficult condition that can significantly impact patients’ lives.However, with appropriate treatment and medical care, you can improve your quality of life and alleviate the symptoms of this disease.
This article aims to provide basic information about Sjögren’s syndrome.If you suspect that you or someone around you has this disease, immediately consult a doctor who will be able to make a diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment.