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Nowadays, more and more people struggle with the problem of lactose intolerance.However, this is not the same as lactose allergy.It’s important to understand the difference between the two so you can properly recognize the symptoms and take appropriate action.In this article, we will look at lactose intolerance, its causes, symptoms in adults and infants, as well as methods of treatment and appropriate diet.
Lactose intolerance – what is lactose anyway?
Lactose, commonly called milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose.It is present in dairy products such as milk, cheese, yogurt and cream.In order for the body to digest lactose, it needs an enzyme called lactase, which breaks it down into these two simple sugars.Lactose intolerance involves the absence or deficiency of this enzyme.
Lactose intolerance – causes
Lactose intolerance can have various causes.One of them is a genetic predisposition that causes the body to stop producing enough lactase in adulthood.Another cause may be intestinal inflammation, which damages the intestinal cells responsible for enzyme production.Additionally, lactose intolerance may be the result of bacterial or viral infections that negatively affect the intestines.
Lactose intolerance – symptoms in adults
Symptoms of lactose intolerance in adults may vary and may occur after consuming products containing lactose.The most common symptoms are abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, nausea and gas.Some people may also experience a general feeling of discomfort after consuming lactose.
Lactose intolerance in infants – symptoms
In infants, the symptoms of lactose intolerance may be similar to those in adults, but they differ in frequency.Children suffering from lactose intolerance may have diarrhea, flatulence, crying, anxiety and problems with gaining weight.If you suspect your baby has lactose intolerance, consult your pediatrician.
Lactose intolerance – treatment
If you suspect that you or your child have lactose intolerance, it is worth consulting a doctor who may order appropriate tests.Diagnosis is important because it helps determine whether there is truly a lack of lactase in the body.If lactose intolerance is confirmed, your doctor may recommend using lactase preparations before consuming dairy products.
Lactose intolerance – diet
Diet is a key part of managing lactose intolerance.People suffering from this problem should avoid dairy products containing lactose.There are also lactose-free products available on the market, which are an alternative to traditional dairy products.It is also worth ensuring that your diet is adequately supplemented with products rich in calcium, which is important for bone health.
Lactose intolerance – preparations with lactase
Lactase preparations are available over the counter and can help people with lactose intolerance digest dairy products.Taking such preparations before eating a meal containing lactose may reduce the risk of intolerance symptoms.
Lactose intolerance – lactose-free baby milk
If an infant is diagnosed with lactose intolerance, there are special lactose-free infant formulas that are available on the market.This milk provides adequate nutrients without containing lactose, which helps avoid intolerance symptoms.
Is lactose intolerance a milk allergy?
Lactose intolerance is not the same as milk allergy.Milk allergy is a reaction of the immune system to milk proteins, while lactose intolerance results from a lack of the lactase enzyme needed to digest lactose.Milk allergy symptoms can be more serious, such as hives, difficulty breathing or anaphylactic shock, while lactose intolerance symptoms are usually limited to gastrointestinal problems.
Your suggestions
If you suspect you have lactose intolerance, do not delay visiting your doctor.Diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help improve quality of life and avoid unpleasant symptoms.Remember that a lactose-free diet can be tasty and varied, and preparations with lactase can make everyday life easier.
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If you are interested in the topic of lactose intolerance, we also recommend that you read our other articles on this topic.Learn more about the lactose-free diet, lactose-free recipes and how to deal with lactose intolerance in everyday life.