Syndactyly (digital synostosis) – causes and methods of treatment

Syndactyly, also known as digitalis, is a rare congenital malformation in which the fingers or toes come together. This unusual situation may affect the function and appearance of the limbs, requiring appropriate medical care. In this article, we will discuss various aspects of syndactyly, including its types, causes, and available treatments.

Syndactyly – types

Syndactyly can take many forms, depending on how the fingers are fused. The most common types of syndactyly are:

• Cutaneous-membranous syndactyly – in this type, the fingers are connected by means of skin tissue or a membrane between them.
• Osteomedullary syndactyly – in this case, the fingers fuse with the help of bones.
• Complete syndactyly – all fingers fuse together, creating one structure.
• Partial syndactyly – only part of the fingers are fused, the remaining fingers remain separated.

Each type of syndactyly requires an individual approach to treatment.

Syndactyly (digital synostosis) – causes

The causes of syndactyly are not fully understood, but there are various genetic and environmental factors that may contribute to its occurrence. Here are some factors that may influence the development of syndactyly:

• Genetics – There are some families in which syndactyly can be inherited from generation to generation, suggesting a role of genetic factors.
• Exposure to toxic agents – Certain chemicals or drugs that the mother may be exposed to during pregnancy may increase the risk of this developmental defect in the baby.
• Problems with the circulatory system – abnormalities in blood circulation during fetal development may affect the formation of limbs.

It is worth emphasizing that some cases of syndactyly may occur as a result of a combination of these factors.

Syndactyly – treatment

Treatment for syndactyly depends on the type and degree of fusion of the fingers and the patient’s overall health. Here are some possible approaches to treating this defect:

• Surgery – syndactyly often requires surgical intervention, during which the adhesion between the fingers is removed and the fingers are properly shaped and separated. This approach allows you to restore the function and aesthetics of the limbs.
• Physiotherapy – After surgery, physical therapy may be necessary to help the patient fully regain mobility and strength in the limbs.
• Occupational therapy – in cases where syndactyly affects a patient’s daily life, occupational therapy may be helpful in learning new skills and adaptations.

It is worth noting that the treatment of syndactyly should be tailored to the individual needs of each patient and planned together with the medical team.

Your suggestions

If you have syndactyly or are caring for someone with this condition, it is important to consult a specialist regularly. Working with your healthcare team can help you plan the best treatment and care.

Recommended articles

If you are interested in the topic of syndactyly, we recommend reading the following articles:

• “Syndactyly in children – how to recognize and treat?”
• “The importance of genetics in the development of limb defects”
• “Examples of success after syndactyly surgery”

These articles may provide additional information about syndactyly and its treatment.

It is worth remembering that syndactyly, although it can be a challenge, can be treated effectively, and people affected by this defect can lead full, active lives after appropriate treatment and rehabilitation.